Detecto 954F Instruction Manual download pdf (Page 5)

INTRODUCTION

The AK-510 is an infrared motion detector kit. The objective of the kit is to teach the operations of the four

sections that make up the kit. The four sections are shown in the block diagram below.

There are many applications for the use of the detector. The most common is in the alarm system industry.

Some of the new applications are automatic door openers, light switches in hallways, stairways and areas that

increase safety for the public. Further applications can be seen in automatic production lines, switching of

sanitary facilities, monitors and intercoms. With the ease of installation and the low suspectibility to interference

from other forms of radiation, such as heaters or windows, the IR detectors are ideal devices.

POWER SUPPLY (see page 16)

A 9 volt battery is used to supply the DC voltage to

the circuit. The battery voltage must be regulated

(held as close as possible) to 5 volts. This is done by

circuits called voltage regulators.

In order to see how this is accomplished, let’s

consider the analogy of a water tower. Voltage in

electronics can be compared to water pressure in

a water system. When water is pumped into a

water tower, the pressure at the bottom of the

tower can be quite high. In order to keep a

constant pressure in the water pipes that go to the

houses, the pressure must be lowered and held

constant.

Consider the system shown in Figure 1. As

people draw water into their homes, the pressure

on the low pressure side of the valve drops. The

spring pulls the valve arm inside the pipe up along

opening the valve and allowing more water into

the pipe. As the pressure on the low pressure

side increases, it pushes the valve arm inside the

pipe down closing the valve and stretching the

spring. By increasing the spring pressure on the

arm, the pressure on the low side will have to

increase to close the valve. The force or pressure

of the spring, therefore sets the value of the

pressure on the low pressure side of the system.

The force of the spring is called the reference

pressure.

Voltage in electronics is the analogy to pressure in water pipes. A voltage greater than 7V is applied to the

input of high voltage side of the regulator. A fixed reference voltage inside the regulator will set the low voltage

output at 5 volts +5%. This is accomplished in a manner very similar to our water tower analogy. The output

voltage is filtered or made smooth (no ripples) by capacitor C6 (100µF).

POWER

SUPPLY

TONE

GENERATOR

INFRARED

DETECTOR

OPERATIONAL

AMPLIFIERS

FILTERS

Figure 1

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Detecto 954F Instruction Manual Page 5

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